Which act established the Social Security program in the United States?

The Social Security program in the United States was established by the Social Security Act of 1935. This landmark legislation aimed to provide financial assistance to the elderly, the unemployed, and disadvantaged individuals through a system of old-age benefits. The act laid the foundation for the modern social welfare state in the U.S. and has undergone several amendments to expand its coverage and benefits, but the original enactment marked the beginning of a significant federal commitment to social insurance.

The Social Security Act introduced the idea of a national program funded through payroll taxes, creating a safety net for millions of Americans. This program has evolved to include various facets such as disability insurance and Medicare, but its roots trace back directly to this original legislation.

In contrast, the other options listed do not pertain to the creation of the Social Security program. The Social Security Improvement Act and the Pension Protection Act refer to later adjustments and enhancements in the existing systems, while the Social Welfare Act is a more general term that does not specify the Social Security program's establishment. Understanding this context clarifies why the Social Security Act of 1935 is the correct answer.